10) Economically Important Minerals-II G
232
Supergene, shallow veins, and
|
Sulfides |
|||||
|
realgar |
AsS |
1)
hot spring deposits, 2) some gold deposits |
orpiment,
other arsenic minerals, stibnite |
||
|
orpiment |
As2S3 |
1)
hot spring deposits, 2) some gold deposits |
realgar,
stibnite, native arsenic, calcite, barite, gypsum |
||
|
stibnite |
Sb2S3 |
1)
hydrothermal veins and replacement deposits, 2) hot spring deposits |
orpiment,
realgar, cinnabar, galena, sphalerite, pyrite, barite, gold |
||
|
marcasite |
FeS2 |
1)
sulfide veins, 2) replacement in limestones or shale |
galena,
pyrite, chalcopyrite, calcite, dolomite |
||
|
covellite |
CuS |
1)
secondary (supergene) mineral in veins or disseminated deposits |
bornite,
chalcopyrite, chalcocite, enargite |
||
|
cinnabar |
HgS |
1)
masses in volcanic or sedimentary rocks, 2) in veins, 3) disseminated grains |
native
mercury, realgar, stibnite, pyrite, marcasite, calcite, quartz, opal |
||
|
Oxides |
|||||
|
cuprite |
Cu2O |
1)
secondary mineral in the oxidized zones of copper deposits |
native
copper, limonite, and other secondary copper minerals such as malachite, azurite,
and chrysocolla |
||
|
uraninite |
UO2 |
1)
granitic pegmatite, 2) veins, 3) sandstone |
quartz,
K-feldspar, zircon, tourmaline, and monazite in pegmatites; cassiterite,
galena, sulfides, and arsenides in veins; quartz and secondary minerals in
sandstones |
||
|
Carbonates |
|||||
|
malachite (mal-uh-kite) |
hydrous
Cu carbonate |
1)
secondary copper mineral in ore deposits formed by alteration of Cu oxides
and sulfides |
azurite,
cuprite, native copper, limonite, chrysocolla |
||
|
azurite (ayh'-zhur-ight) |
hydrous
Cu carbonate |
1)
secondary copper mineral in ore deposits formed by alteration of Cu oxides
and sulfides |
malachite,
cuprite, native copper, limonite, chrysocolla |
||
|
Phosphates |
|||||
|
turquoise |
aluminous
hydrated Cu phosphate |
1)
secondary mineral in Al-rich volcanic rocks forming veins, seams, stringers,
and crusts |
kaolinite,
limonite, quartz (chalcedony) |
||
|
Phyllosilicates |
|||||
|
(chrysocolla) (chris-uh-co'-la) |
Cu
phyllosilicate |
1) oxidized zones of copper deposits |
malachite, azurite, cuprite, native copper |
||
|
chrysocolla is usually amorphous with crude Si4O10 layers, and is thus a mineraloid usually listed with the phyllosilicates, although recent compilations do list it as a true mineral |
|||||