|
Phyllosilicates (clay
mineral group) |
||||||
|
kaolinite |
Al
phyllosilicate (member of kaolinite-serpentine group) |
1) secondary mineral forming after aluminous
silicates |
quartz and other minerals resistant to alteration |
|||
(illite)
|
K
phyllosilicate |
1) weathering and diagenetic environment |
other clay minerals and quartz |
|||
|
"Illite" refers to a group of mica-clay
minerals of the general formula (K,H3O)(Al,Mg,Fe)2(Si,Al)4O10[(OH)2,H2O];
some mineralogists classify
illite minerals as belonging to the illite group. |
||||||
|
montmorillonite |
Ca,
Na, Al, Mg phyllosilicate (member of smectite group) |
1) secondary mineral forming after aluminous
silicates |
other clay minerals and quartz |
|||
|
Sulfates |
|
|
|
|||
|
anhydrite |
CaSO4 |
1)
evaporite, 2) secondary, precipitated from groundwater, 3) hydrothermal
veins and |
gypsum,
halite, sulfur, calcite, dolomite |
|||
|
gypsum |
CaSO4
• 2H2O |
1)
evaporites, 2) deposited by groundwater in sedimentary rocks, 3) alteration
product in ore deposits, 4) pneumatolitic around fumaroles |
halite,
sylvite, anhydrite, calcite, clay minerals, and many others |
|||
|
Halides |
|
|
|
|||
|
halite |
NaCl |
1)
salt flats/evaporites |
gypsum,
calcite, sylvite, anhydrite, sulfur, clay minerals |
|||
|
sylvite |
KCl |
1)
salt flats/evaporites |
gypsum,
calcite, sylvite, anhydrite, sulfur, clay minerals |
|||